Consumer medicine information

Spikevax COVID-19 Vaccine

Elasomeran

BRAND INFORMATION

Brand name

Spikevax

Active ingredient

Elasomeran

Schedule

SUMMARY CMI

SPIKEVAX COVID-19 VACCINE

Consumer Medicine Information (CMI) summary

The full CMI on the next page has more details. If you are worried about being given this vaccine, speak to your healthcare provider.

▼ This vaccine is new or being used differently. Please report side effects. See the full CMI for further details.

1. Why am I being given SPIKEVAX?

SPIKEVAX contains the active ingredient Elasomeran. SPIKEVAX is a vaccine used to prevent COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals aged 6 months and older.

For more information, see Section 1. Why am I being given SPIKEVAX? in the full CMI.

2. What should I know before I am given SPIKEVAX?

You should not be given SPIKEVAX if you have ever had an allergic reaction to SPIKEVAX or any of the ingredients listed at the end of the CMI.

Check with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse before vaccination if you: have previously had a severe allergic reaction after any other vaccine injection or after you were given SPIKEVAX in the past; have a very weak or poorly functioning immune system; have ever fainted following any needle injection; have a bleeding disorder; have a high fever or severe infection; have any serious illness; have anxiety related to injections; have previously had episodes of capillary leak syndrome.

Talk to your doctor if you have a weakened immune system, have any other medical conditions, take any other medicines, or are pregnant or plan to become pregnant or are breastfeeding.

SPIKEVAX should not be given to children under the age of 6 months.

For more information, see Section 2. What should I know before I am given SPIKEVAX? in the full CMI.

3. What if I am taking other medicines?

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medicines, including any medicines, vitamins or supplements that you buy without a prescription. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have recently received any other vaccine. For more information, see Section 3. What if I am taking other medicines? in the full CMI.

4. How will I be given SPIKEVAX?

Your doctor, pharmacist or nurse will inject the vaccine into a muscle (intramuscular injection) in your upper arm or your thigh. You will be given one dose, followed by a second dose 28 days later to complete the vaccination course. It is very important that you receive your second dose. If you have a weakened immune system, you may receive a third dose at least 28 days after the second dose. A booster dose may be given at least 5 months after the second dose in individuals aged 12 years to 17 years and at least 6 months after the second dose in individuals aged 18 years and above. This booster may be given to you if you have completed your full course of your first vaccination with another approved COVID-19 vaccine. A doctor, pharmacist or nurse will observe you for at least 15 minutes after being given SPIKEVAX.

More instructions can be found in Section 4. How will I be given SPIKEVAX? in the full CMI.

5. What should I know about being given SPIKEVAX?

Things you should know	As with any vaccine, the 2-dose vaccination course of SPIKEVAX may not fully protect all those who receive it and it is not known how long you will be protected. You may not be fully protected against COVID-19 disease until fourteen days after your second dose. You may not be protected if you only receive one dose, so a second dose is important.
Driving or using machines	Do not drive or use machines if you are feeling unwell after vaccination. Wait until any effects of the vaccine have worn off before you drive or use machines.

For more information, see Section 5. What should I know after being given SPIKEVAX? in the full CMI.

6. Are there any side effects?

Common side effects include swelling in the underarm, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, joint aches, and stiffness, pain or swelling at the injection site, feeling very tired, chills, fever, rash, redness, or hives at the injection site. Decreased appetite, irritability/crying and sleepiness are also common side effects in 6 month to 3 year olds.

For more information, including what to do if you have any side effects, see Section 6. Are there any side effects? in the full CMI.

▼ This vaccine is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. You can help by reporting any side effects you may get. You can report side effects to your doctor, or directly at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems.

FULL CMI

SPIKEVAX COVID-19 VACCINE

Active ingredient: Elasomeran

This vaccine has provisional approval in Australia to prevent COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus in individuals 6 months to 5 years of age. This approval has been granted on the basis of short term efficacy and safety data. Evidence of longer term efficacy and safety from ongoing clinical trials and vaccination in the community continues to be gathered and assessed.

This vaccine is indicated to prevent COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus in individuals 6 years of age and older.

Consumer Medicine Information (CMI)

This leaflet provides important information about using SPIKEVAX. You should also speak to your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you would like further information or if you have any concerns or questions about using SPIKEVAX.

Where to find information in this leaflet:

1. Why am I being given SPIKEVAX?
2. What should I know before I am given SPIKEVAX?
3. What if I am taking other medicines?
4. How will I be given SPIKEVAX?
5. What should I know about being given SPIKEVAX?
6. Are there any side effects?
7. Product details

1. Why am I being given SPIKEVAX?

SPIKEVAX contains the active ingredient Elasomeran. SPIKEVAX is a vaccine which stimulates the body's natural defences (immune system). The vaccine works by causing the body to produce protection (antibodies) against the virus that causes COVID-19 disease. SPIKEVAX uses a substance called messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) to carry instructions to cells in the body that are used to make the spike protein that is also on the virus. The cells then make antibodies against the spike protein to help fight off the virus. This will help to protect you against COVID-19 disease.

SPIKEVAX is used to prevent COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is given to individuals aged 6 months and older.

2. What should I know before I am given SPIKEVAX?

Warnings

You should not be given SPIKEVAX if:

you are allergic to Elasomeran or any of the ingredients listed at the end of this leaflet.

Always check the ingredients to make sure you can be given this vaccine.

Check with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse before vaccination if you:

Have previously had a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction after any other vaccine injection or after you were given SPIKEVAX in the past.
Have a very weak or poorly functioning immune system.
Have ever fainted following any needle injection.
Have a bleeding disorder.
Have a high fever or severe infection; however, you can have your vaccination if you have a mild fever or upper airway infection like a cold.
Have any serious illness.
Have anxiety related to injections. Anxiety and stress related reactions can occur, however, they will be temporary.
Take any medicines for any other condition.

There is an increased risk for myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and pericarditis (inflammation of the lining outside the heart) after vaccination with SPIKEVAX. These conditions can develop within just a few days after vaccination, and have primarily occurred within two weeks. They are seen more often after the second vaccination, and more often occurred in younger men; however, they are also seen in a number of women. Following vaccination, you should be alert to signs of myocarditis and pericarditis, such as breathlessness, a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat and chest pain. Additionally, non-specific signs such as feeling very tired, nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, dizziness or fainting, fluid retention and cough have been reported in some recipients with myocarditis or pericarditis. Seek immediate medical attention should these occur.

During treatment, you may be at risk of developing certain side effects. It is important you understand these risks and how to monitor for them. See additional information under Section 6. Are there any side effects?

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) flare-ups

A few cases of capillary leak syndrome flare-ups (causing fluid leakage from small blood vessels (capillaries) resulting in rapid swelling of the arms and legs, sudden weight gain and feeling faint, low blood pressure) have been reported following vaccination with SPIKEVAX. If you have previously had episodes of CLS, talk to a doctor before you are given SPIKEVAX.

If you have a weakened immune system (immunocompromised)

If you have a weakened immune system, you may receive a third dose of SPIKEVAX. The efficacy of SPIKEVAX even after a third dose may be lower in people who have weaker immune systems. In these cases, you should continue to maintain physical precautions such as mask wearing and social distancing to help prevent COVID-19. In addition, your close contacts should be vaccinated as appropriate. Discuss appropriate individual recommendations with your doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

SPIKEVAX can be used during pregnancy. A large amount of information from pregnant women vaccinated with SPIKEVAX during the second and third trimester has not shown negative effects on the pregnancy or the newborn baby. While information on effects on pregnancy or the newborn baby after vaccination during the first trimester is limited, no change to the risk for miscarriage has been seen.

Check with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you are pregnant or intend to become pregnant.

SPIKEVAX can be given during breastfeeding. A large amount of information from breastfeeding women vaccinated with SPIKEVAX has not shown negative effects in breastfed babies.

Talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you are breastfeeding or intend to breastfeed.

Use in Children

SPIKEVAX is not recommended for children aged under 6 months.

3. What if I am taking other medicines?

Tell your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you are taking any other medicines, including any medicines, vitamins, or supplements that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy, supermarket, or health food shop.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have recently received any other vaccine.

Check with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you are not sure about what medicines, vitamins or supplements you are taking and if these affect SPIKEVAX.

4. How will I be given SPIKEVAX?

How much SPIKEVAX is given.

SPIKEVAX will be given to you as two injections. It is recommended to administer the second dose of SPIKEVAX 28 days after the first dose to complete the vaccination course.
If you have a weakened immune system, you may receive a third dose of SPIKEVAX at least 28 days after the second dose, as a third full dose will help your immune system get a better response.
A single booster dose of SPIKEVAX may be given at least 5 months after the second dose in individuals aged 12 years to 17 years and at least 6 months after the second dose in individuals aged 18 years and above.
A single booster dose of SPIKEVAX may be given to you if you have completed your full course of your first vaccination (usually two doses) with another approved COVID-19 vaccine.
Your doctor, pharmacist or nurse will inject the vaccine into a muscle (intramuscular injection) in your upper arm or your thigh.
After each injection of the vaccine, your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse will watch over you for at least 15 minutes to monitor for signs of an allergic reaction.

If you miss an appointment for your 2^nd or 3^rd dose of SPIKEVAX

If you miss an appointment, arrange another visit as soon as possible with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse.

If you miss a scheduled injection, you may not be fully protected against COVID-19 disease.

If you use too much SPIKEVAX

As SPIKEVAX is given under the close supervision of a doctor, pharmacist, or nurse it is unlikely that you will be given too much.
If you are concerned that you have been given too much SPIKEVAX, tell your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse immediately.

You should do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning.

5. What should I know about being given SPIKEVAX?

As with any vaccine, the 2-dose vaccination course of SPIKEVAX may not completely protect all those who receive it and it is not known how long you will be protected.

Things you should know

You may not be fully protected against COVID-19 disease until fourteen days after your second dose.

You may not be protected if you only receive one dose, so a second dose is important.

Driving or using machines

Do not drive or use machines if you are feeling unwell after vaccination. Wait until any effects of the vaccine have worn off before you drive or use machines.

Looking after your vaccine

Your doctor, pharmacist or nurse is responsible for storing this vaccine and disposing of any unused product correctly.

6. Are there any side effects?

All vaccines can have side effects. If you do experience any side effects, most of them are minor and temporary. However, some side effects may need medical attention.

See the information below and, if you need to, ask your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you have any further questions about side effects.

Less serious side effects

Less serious side effects

What to do

Swelling in the underarm
Decreased appetite (observed in 6 month to 3 year olds)
Irritability/crying (observed in 6 month to 3 year olds)
Headache
Sleepiness (observed in 6 month to 3 year olds)
Nausea
Vomiting
Muscle ache, joint aches, and stiffness
Heavy menstrual (period) bleeding
Pain or swelling at the injection site
Feeling very tired
Chills
Fever
Rash
Rash, redness, or hives at the injection site (some of which may occur sometime after the injection)

Speak to your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you have any of these less serious side effects and they worry you.

Serious side effects

Serious side effects

What to do

Feeling faint or light-headed
Changes in your heartbeat
Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Swelling of your lips, face, or throat
Hives or rash
Nausea or vomiting
Stomach pain
A skin reaction that causes red spots or patches on the skin that may look like a target or “bulls eye” with a dark red centre surrounded by paler red rings (erythema multiforme)
Decreased sense of touch or sensation
Tingling, pricking or pins and needles feeling
Seizures with a fever (observed in 6 month to 2 year olds)

Call your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse straight away, or go straight to the Emergency Department at your nearest hospital if you notice any of these serious side effects.

Tell your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse if you notice anything else that may be making you feel unwell.

Other side effects not listed here may occur in some people.

Reporting side effects

After you have received medical advice for any side effects you experience, you can report side effects to the Therapeutic Goods Administration online at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems. By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this vaccine.

7. Product details

What SPIKEVAX contains

Active ingredient	Elasomeran
Other ingredients (Inactive ingredients)	Heptadecan-9-yl 8-[2-hydroxyethyl-(6-oxo-6-undecoxyhexyl)amino]octanoate Cholesterol Distearoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000 Trometamol Trometamol hydrochloride Acetic acid Sodium acetate trihydrate Sucrose Water for injections

Do not take this vaccine if you are allergic to any of these ingredients.

What SPIKEVAX looks like

SPIKEVAX is a white to off white suspension supplied in a glass vial with a rubber stopper and aluminum seal or a pre-filled syringe:

0.2 mg/ml vial (AUST R 370599)

0.1 mg/ml vial (AUST R 388244)

0.1 mg/ml pre-filled syringe (AUST R 388245)

Not all presentations may be marketed.

Sponsor

Moderna Australia Pty Ltd
Level 6, 60 Martin Place
Sydney,
NSW, 2000
www.modernacovid19global.com/au/
Phone: 1800 344 018
Email address: [email protected]

This leaflet was prepared in April 2023.

Published by MIMS June 2023

BRAND INFORMATION

Brand name

Spikevax

Active ingredient

Elasomeran

Schedule

1 Name of Medicine

Elasomeran.

2 Qualitative and Quantitative Composition

See Table 1.
Elasomeran is a single-stranded, 5'-capped messenger RNA (mRNA) produced using a cell-free in vitro transcription from the corresponding DNA templates, encoding the viral spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2.
For the full list of excipients, see Section 6.1 List of Excipients.

3 Pharmaceutical Form

Suspension for injection.
White to off white suspension.

4 Clinical Particulars

4.1 Therapeutic Indications

Spikevax (elasomeran) COVID-19 Vaccine has provisional approval for the indication below:
Active immunisation to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals 6 months of age to < 6 years of age.
The use of this vaccine should be in accordance with official recommendations.
The decision has been made on the basis of short-term efficacy and safety data. Continued approval depends on the evidence of longer term efficacy and safety from ongoing clinical trials and post-market assessment.
Spikevax (elasomeran) COVID-19 Vaccine is indicated for:
Active immunisation to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals 6 years of age and older.
The use of this vaccine should be in accordance with official recommendations.

4.2 Dose and Method of Administration

Spikevax is provided in three presentations:
a) 0.2 mg/mL multi-dose vials with a red top and;
b) 0.1 mg/mL multi-dose vials with a blue top and;
c) 0.1 mg/mL pre-filled syringes.
Only use blue top multi-dose vials for vaccine administration to children younger than 6 years of age.

Dose.

See Table 2 for Spikevax dosing across age groups and vaccination type.

Interchangeability.

Primary series.

The interchangeability of Spikevax with other COVID-19 vaccines to complete the vaccination course has not been established.
Individuals who have received one dose of Spikevax should receive the second dose of Spikevax to complete the vaccination course.

Booster dose.

There are limited data on the interchangeability of Spikevax with other COVID-19 vaccines as a booster dose. See Section 4.8 Adverse Effects (Undesirable Effects); Section 5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties.
A single booster dose of Spikevax (see Table 2) may be administered as a homologous (same brand) booster dose following completion of primary vaccination with Spikevax or as a heterologous booster dose following completion of primary vaccination with another authorised or approved COVID-19 vaccine, in accordance with official recommendations.

Paediatric population.

The safety and efficacy of Spikevax in children and adolescents less than 6 months of age have not yet been established. No data are available.

Elderly population.

No dosage adjustment is required in elderly individuals ≥ 65 years of age.

Method of administration.

The vaccine should be administered intramuscularly.
The preferred site is the deltoid muscle of the upper arm, or in infants and young children, the anterolateral aspect of the thigh.
Do not administer this vaccine intravascularly, subcutaneously or intradermally.
The vaccine should not be mixed in the same syringe with any other vaccines or medicinal products. For precautions to be taken before administering the vaccine, see Section 4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for Use.
The vaccine should be prepared and administered by a trained healthcare professional using aseptic techniques to ensure sterility of the suspension.
The vaccine comes ready to use once thawed.
Thawed vials and pre-filled syringes can be handled in room light conditions.
Do not shake or dilute.

Frozen storage.

Store frozen between -50°C to -15°C.
Do not store below -50°C.
Store in the original carton to protect from light.
Multidose vials. Swirl the vial gently after thawing and before each withdrawal.
Inspect Spikevax vials visually for foreign particulate matter and/or discoloration prior to administration. If either of these conditions exists, the vaccine should not be administered.
Spikevax vials are multidose.
For practical reasons, if the contents of the vial are to be used within a short period of time, drawing up the content in multiple syringes at once may be considered.

0.20 mg/mL.

Ten (10) doses of 0.5 mL volume each or a maximum of twenty (20) doses of 0.25 mL volume can be withdrawn from each vial. Pierce the stopper preferably at a different site each time.

0.10 mg/mL.

Five (5) doses (of 0.5 mL volume each) or a maximum of ten (10) doses of 0.25 mL volume can be withdrawn from each vial.

Thaw each vial before use.

2 hours and 30 minutes in refrigerator: 2°C to 8°C (within the 30 days shelf life at 2°C to 8°C). Let vial sit at room temperature for 15 minutes before administering; or 1 hour at room temperature: 15°C to 25°C.

Instructions once thawed. Unpunctured vial.

Maximum times. 30 days: Refrigerator 2°C to 8°C.
24 hours: Cool storage up to room temperature 8°C to 25°C.

After first dose has been withdrawn.

Maximum time. 19 hours: Refrigerator or room temperature.
Vial should be held between 2°C to 25°C. Record the date and time of discard on the vial label.
Discard punctured vial after 19 hours.
Withdraw each dose of vaccine from the vial using a new sterile needle and syringe for each injection to prevent transmission of infectious agents from one person to another.
The dose in the syringe should be used immediately.
Contains no antimicrobial preservative.
Once the vial has been punctured to withdraw the initial dose, the vaccine should be used immediately and be discarded after 19 hours.
Any unused vaccine or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
Never refreeze thawed vaccine.

Administration.

Swirl vial gently after thawing and before each withdrawal.
The vaccine comes ready to use once thawed. Do not shake or dilute.
Prior to injection, inspect each dose to:
Confirm liquid is white to off-white in colour in both vial and syringe.
Verify syringe volume.
The vaccine may contain white or translucent product-related particulates.
If dosage is incorrect, or discolouration and other particulate matter is present, do not administer the vaccine.
Pre-filled syringe. One (1) dose of 0.5 mL can be administered from each pre-filled syringe. Do not use the pre-filled syringe to deliver a partial 0.25 mL volume.
Thaw each pre-filled syringe before use following the instructions below.

Thaw in refrigerator.

Thaw between 2°C to 8°C for 2 hours. Let each syringe stand at room temperature (15°C to 25°C) for 15 minutes before administering.

Thaw at room temperature.

Alternatively, thaw between 15°C to 25°C for 1 hour.
For instructions on disposal of the vaccine, see Section 6.6 Special Precautions for Disposal.

4.3 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in Section 6.1 List of Excipients or in individuals with known severe allergic reactions (e.g. anaphylaxis) to a previous dose of Spikevax.

4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for Use

Traceability.

In order to improve the traceability of biological medicinal products, the name and the batch number of the administered product should be clearly recorded.

Hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis has been reported in individuals who have received Spikevax. Appropriate medical treatment and supervision should always be readily available in case of an anaphylactic reaction following administration of the vaccine.
Close observation is recommended following vaccination as follows:

30 minutes.

People with a history of an immediate allergic reaction of any severity to another vaccine or injectable therapy.
People with a history of anaphylaxis due to any cause.

15 minutes.

All other persons.
Subsequent doses of the vaccine should not be given to those who have experienced anaphylaxis to an earlier dose of Spikevax, see Section 4.3 Contraindications.

Myocarditis and pericarditis.

There is an increased risk for myocarditis and pericarditis following vaccination with Spikevax.
These conditions can develop within just a few days after vaccination, and have primarily occurred within 14 days. They have been observed more often after the second dose, and more often, but not exclusively, in adolescent and young adult males. There have also been reports in females.
Available data suggest that the course of myocarditis and pericarditis following vaccination is not different from myocarditis or pericarditis in general. Available short-term follow-up data suggest that the symptoms resolve in most individuals, however, severe outcomes, including death, have been rarely reported and information on long-term sequelae is lacking.
Healthcare professionals should be alert to the signs and symptoms of myocarditis and pericarditis including atypical presentations.
Vaccine recipients should be instructed to seek immediate medical attention if they develop symptoms indicative of myocarditis or pericarditis such as (acute and persisting) chest pain, shortness of breath, or palpitations following vaccination. Additionally, non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness or syncope, oedema and cough have been reported in some recipients with myocarditis or pericarditis. Healthcare professionals should consult guidance and/or specialists to diagnose and treat this condition.
For further details, please refer to the relevant clinical guidelines developed by the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation.

Altered immunocompetence.

If Spikevax is administered to immunocompromised persons, including those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, the immune response to the vaccine may be diminished.

Anxiety-related reactions.

Anxiety-related reactions, including vasovagal reactions (syncope), hyperventilation or stress‐related reactions may occur in association with vaccination as a psychogenic response to the needle injection. It is important that precautions are in place to avoid injury from fainting.
Some individuals may have stress-related responses associated with the process of vaccination itself. Stress-related responses are temporary and resolve on their own. They may include dizziness, fainting, palpitations, increases in heart rate, alterations in blood pressure, feeling short of breath, tingling sensations, sweating and/or anxiety. Individuals should be advised to bring symptoms to the attention of the vaccination provider for evaluation and precautions should be in place to avoid injury from fainting.

Concurrent illness.

Vaccination should be postponed in individuals suffering from acute severe febrile illness or acute infection. The presence of a minor infection and/or low-grade fever should not delay vaccination.

Thrombocytopenia and coagulation disorders.

As with other intramuscular injections, the vaccine should be given with caution in individuals receiving anticoagulant therapy or those with thrombocytopenia or any coagulation disorder (such as haemophilia) because bleeding or bruising may occur following an intramuscular administration in these individuals.

Capillary leak syndrome flare-ups.

A few cases of capillary leak syndrome (CLS) flare-ups have been reported in the first days after vaccination with Spikevax. Healthcare professionals should be aware of signs and symptoms of CLS to promptly recognise and treat the condition. In individuals with a medical history of CLS, planning of vaccination should be made in collaboration with appropriate medical experts.

Duration of protection.

The duration of protection afforded by the vaccine is unknown as it is still being determined by ongoing clinical trials.

Limitations of vaccine effectiveness.

Individuals may not be fully protected until 14 days after their second dose. As with all vaccines, vaccination with Spikevax may not protect all vaccine recipients.

Excipients with known effect.

Sodium.

This vaccine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per 0.5 mL dose, that is to say, essentially 'sodium-free'.

Use in the elderly.

Spikevax was assessed in individuals 12 years of age and older, including 3,768 subjects 65 years of age and older. The efficacy of Spikevax was consistent between elderly (≥ 65 years) and younger adult subjects (12-64 years).

Paediatric use.

The safety and efficacy of Spikevax in children less than 6 months of age have not yet been established. No data are available.

Effects on laboratory tests.

No data available.

4.5 Interactions with Other Medicines and Other Forms of Interactions

No interaction studies have been performed. Concomitant administration of Spikevax with other vaccines has not been studied.

4.6 Fertility, Pregnancy and Lactation

Effects on fertility.

Animal studies do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to reproductive toxicity in females.
In a combined fertility and developmental toxicity study, 100 microgram of mRNA (elasomeran) and other ingredients included in a single human dose of Spikevax was administered to female rats by the intramuscular route on four occasions: 28 and 14 days prior to mating, and on gestation days 1 and 13. SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were present in dams from prior to mating to the end of the study on lactation day 21 as well as in fetuses and offspring. There were no vaccine-related adverse effects on female fertility, pregnancy, embryofetal or offspring development or postnatal development. No data are available on Spikevax vaccine placental transfer or excretion in milk. The effect on male fertility has not been determined.
(Category B1)
A large amount of observational data from pregnant women vaccinated with Spikevax during the second and third trimester has not shown an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes. While data on pregnancy outcomes following vaccination during the first trimester are presently limited, no increased risk for miscarriage has been seen. Animal studies do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to pregnancy, embryo/foetal development, parturition or post-natal development (see Effects on fertility). Spikevax can be used during pregnancy.
No effects on the breastfed newborn/infant are anticipated since the systemic exposure of the breastfeeding woman to Spikevax is negligible. Observational data from women who were breastfeeding after vaccination have not shown a risk for adverse effects in breastfed newborns/infants. Spikevax can be used during breastfeeding.

4.7 Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines

Spikevax has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, some of the effects mentioned under Section 4.8 Adverse Effects (Undesirable Effects) may temporarily affect the ability to drive or use machines.

4.8 Adverse Effects (Undesirable Effects)

Participants 18 years of age and older.

The safety of Spikevax was evaluated in an ongoing Phase 3 randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind clinical study conducted in the United States involving 30,351 participants, 18 years of age and older, who received at least one dose of Spikevax (n = 15,185) or placebo (n = 15,166) (Study P301, NCT04470427). At the time of vaccination, the mean age of the population was 52 years (range 18-95); 22,831 (75.2%) of participants were 18 to 64 years of age and 7,520 (24.8%) of participants were 65 years of age and older.
Solicited adverse reactions were reported more frequently among vaccine participants than placebo. The most frequently reported adverse reactions were pain at the injection site (92%), fatigue (70%), headache (64.7%), myalgia (61.5%), arthralgia (46.4%), chills (45.4%), nausea/vomiting (23%), axillary swelling/tenderness (19.8%), fever (15.5%), injection site swelling (14.7%) and redness (10%). Adverse reactions were usually mild or moderate in intensity and resolved within a few days after vaccination. A slightly lower frequency of reactogenicity events was associated with greater age.
Delayed injection site reactions that began > 7 days after vaccination were reported in 1.2% of vaccine recipients and 0.4% of placebo recipients. Delayed injection site reactions included pain, erythema, and swelling, and are likely related to vaccination.
Overall, there was a higher incidence of some adverse reactions in younger age groups: the incidence of axillary swelling/tenderness, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, chills, nausea/vomiting, and fever was higher in adults aged 18 to < 65 years than in those aged 65 years and above. Grade 3 solicited local adverse reactions were more frequently reported after Dose 2 than after Dose 1. Systemic adverse reactions were reported more frequently by vaccine participants after Dose 2 than after Dose 1. Grade 3 systemic adverse reactions (fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, and headache) were reported more frequently after Dose 2 than after Dose 1.

Immunocompromised participants 18 years of age and older.

From an independent report (Hall VG, Ferreira VH, Ku T et al. Randomized Trial of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Transplant Recipients. N Engl J Med) in 60 participants who had undergone various solid organ transplant procedures (heart, kidney, kidney-pancreas, liver, lung, pancreas) a median of 3.57 years previously (range 1.99-6.75 years) who received a third vaccine dose, the adverse event profile was similar to that after the second dose and no grade 3 or grade 4 events were reported.

Adolescents 12-17 years of age.

Safety data for Spikevax in adolescents were collected in an ongoing Phase 2/3 randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind clinical study conducted in the United States involving 3,726 participants 12 through 17 years of age who received at least one dose of Spikevax (n = 2,486) or placebo (n = 1,240) (Study P203, NCT04649151). Overall, 51.4% were male, 48.6% were female, 11.6% were Hispanic or Latino, 83.9% were White, 3.4% were African American, 5.9% were Asian, 0.5% were American Indian or Alaska Native, < 0.1% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 1.0% were other races, and 4.5% were multiracial. Demographic characteristics were similar among participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo.
In the Spikevax group and the placebo group, the median follow-up time after the second injection was 53 days and 51 days, respectively.
In a clinical study, the most frequent adverse reactions in adolescents 12 to 17 years of age were injection site pain (97%), headache (78%), fatigue (75%), myalgia (54%), chills (49%), axillary swelling/tenderness (35%), arthralgia (35%), nausea/vomiting (29%), injection site swelling (28%), injection site erythema (26%), and fever (14%).

Children 6 years through 11 years of age.

Safety data for Spikevax in children were collected in an ongoing Phase 2/3 two-part randomised, observer-blind clinical trial conducted in the United States and Canada (P204, NCT04796896). Part 1 is an open-label phase of the trial for safety, dose selection, and immunogenicity and included 380 participants 6 through 11 years of age who received at least 1 dose (0.25 mL) of Spikevax. Part 2 is the placebo-controlled phase for safety and included 4,002 participants 6 through 11 years of age who received at least one dose (0.25 mL) of Spikevax (n = 3,007) or placebo (n = 995). In Part 2, the median follow-up duration was 82 days after dose 1 and 51 days after dose 2. A total of 2981 (99.1%) subjects in the mRNA-1273 group and 966 (97.1%) in the placebo group have been followed for 28 days or more after dose 2. A total of 1,066 (35.3%) subjects in the mRNA-1273 group and 218 (21.9%) in the placebo group have been followed for 56 days or more after dose 2.
No participants in Part 1 participated in Part 2. Demographic characteristics were similar among participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo.
The most frequent adverse reactions in children 6 through 11 years of age following administration of the primary series were injection site pain (94.8%), fatigue (64.5%), headache (54.3%), chills (30.3%), myalgia (28.2%), nausea/vomiting (24%), fever (23.9%), injection site erythema (18.7%), axillary swelling/tenderness (18%), injection site swelling (17%), and arthralgia (16.1%). While fever rates were observed to be higher among children 6 to < 12 years old (23.9%) when compared to 18 to < 25 year olds (18.1%), they were found to be generally of short duration (< 24 hours). No febrile seizure and no grade 4 fevers are reported.

Children 6 months through 5 years of age.

An ongoing Phase 2/3 randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, reactogenicity, and effectiveness of Spikevax was conducted in the United States and Canada (P204, NCT04796896). This study involved 10,390 participants 6 months through 11 years of age who received at least one dose of Spikevax (n = 7,798) or placebo (n = 2,592).
The study enrolled children in 3 age groups: 6 through 11 years; 2 through 5 years; and 6 months through 23 months. This paediatric study involved 6,388 participants 6 months through 5 years of age who received at least one dose of Spikevax (n = 4,791) or placebo (n = 1,597). Demographic characteristics were similar among participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo.
In this clinical study, the adverse reactions in participants 6 through 23 months of age following administration of the primary series were irritability/crying (81.5%), pain at the injection site (56.2%), sleepiness (51.1%), loss of appetite (45.7%), fever (21.8%), swelling at the injection site (18.4%), erythema at the injection site (17.9%), and axillary swelling/tenderness (12.2%).
In participants 6 months through 23 months of age who received the vaccine, a 1-year-old female experienced serious adverse events of a grade 3 fever 6 hours after dose 1 and a febrile convulsion 1 day after dose 1. These events were considered related to vaccination.
In a clinical study, the adverse reactions in participants 24 through 36 months of age following administration of the primary series were pain at the injection site (76.8%), irritability/crying (71.0%), sleepiness (49.7%), loss of appetite (42.4%), fever (26.1%), erythema at the injection site (17.9%), swelling at the injection site (15.7%), and axillary swelling/tenderness (11.5%).
In a clinical study, the adverse reactions in participants 37 months through 5 years of age following administration of the primary series were pain at the injection site (83.8%), fatigue (61.9%), headache (22.9%), myalgia (22.1%), fever (20.9%), chills (16.8%), nausea/vomiting (15.2%), axillary swelling/tenderness (14.3%), arthralgia (12.8%), erythema at the injection site (9.5%), and swelling at the injection site (8.2%).
Among vaccine recipients 6 months through 23 months with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, the rate of fever was higher compared to vaccine recipients without evidence of prior infection and was 20.2%. For the vaccine recipients 2 years through 5 years of age with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, rate of fever was also higher compared to vaccine recipients without evidence of prior infection and was 20.3%.

Tabulated list of adverse reactions from clinical studies and post-authorisation experience in individuals 6 months of age and older.

The safety profile presented below is based on data generated in several placebo-controlled clinical studies:
30,346 adults ≥ 18 years of age;
3,726 participants 12 through 17 years of age;
4,002 participants 6 through 11 years of age;
6,388 children aged 6 months through 5 years of age;
and post-marketing experience.
Adverse reactions reported are listed according to the following frequency convention: Very common (≥ 1/10); Common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10); Uncommon (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100); Rare (≥ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000); Very rare (< 1/10,000); Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in order of decreasing seriousness (Table 3).

Booster dose participants.

Study 3 is an ongoing Phase 2, randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-confirmation study to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of Spikevax in participants 18 years of age and older (NCT04405076). In this study, 198 participants received two doses (0.5 mL 1 month apart) of Spikevax (primary series). In an open-label phase of this study, 167 of those participants received a single booster dose (0.25 mL) at least 6 months after receiving the second dose of the primary series. The solicited adverse reaction profile for the booster dose was similar to that after the second dose in the primary series.

Booster dose following primary vaccination with another authorised or approved COVID-19 vaccine.

The safety of a Spikevax (0.25 mL) booster dose in individuals who completed primary vaccination with another authorised or approved COVID-19 Vaccine (heterologous booster dose) is inferred from the safety of a Spikevax (0.25 mL) booster dose administered following completion of a Spikevax primary series (homologous booster dose) and from data from an independent Phase 1/2 open-label clinical trial (NCT04889209) conducted in the United States that evaluated a heterologous booster dose (0.5 mL) of Spikevax. In this study, adults who had completed primary vaccination with a Spikevax 2-dose series (N = 151), a COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen single dose (N = 156), or a Comirnaty 2-dose series (N = 151) at least 12 weeks prior to enrolment and who reported no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were randomised 1:1:1 to receive a booster dose of one of three vaccines: Spikevax (0.5 mL), COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen, or Comirnaty. Adverse events were assessed through 28 days after the booster dose. An overall review of adverse reactions reported following the Spikevax, heterologous booster dose (0.5 mL) did not identify any new safety concerns, as compared with adverse reactions reported following Spikevax primary series doses or homologous booster dose (0.25 mL).

Selected adverse reactions.

Myocarditis.

The increased risk of myocarditis after vaccination with Spikevax is highest in younger males (see Section 4.4). There have also been reports in females.
Two large European pharmacoepidemiological studies have estimated the excess risk in younger males following the second dose of Spikevax. One study showed that in a period of 7 days after the second dose, there were about 1.316 (95% CI 1.299 - 1.333) extra cases of myocarditis in 12 to 29 year old males per 10,000 compared to unexposed persons. In another study, in a period of 28 days after the second dose, there were 1.88 (95% CI 0.956 - 2.804) extra cases of myocarditis in 16 to 24 year old males per 10,000 compared to unexposed persons.
Myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported following booster doses of Spikevax.

Reporting suspected adverse effects.

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after registration of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit-risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems.

4.9 Overdose

No case of overdose has been reported.
For information on the management of overdose, contact the Poisons Information Centre on 13 11 26 (Australia).

5 Pharmacological Properties

5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Vaccine, other viral vaccines, ATC code: J07BX03.

Mechanism of action.

Spikevax contains mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. The mRNA encodes for the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein modified with 2 proline substitutions within the heptad repeat 1 domain (S-2P) to stabilise the spike protein into a prefusion conformation. After intramuscular injection, cells at the injection site and the draining lymph nodes take up the lipid nanoparticle, effectively delivering the mRNA sequence into cells for translation into viral spike protein. The delivered mRNA does not enter the cellular nucleus or interact with the genome, is nonreplicating, and is expressed transiently mainly by dendritic cells and subcapsular sinus macrophages. The expressed, membrane-bound spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is then recognised by immune cells as a foreign antigen. This elicits both T-cell and B-cell responses to generate neutralising antibodies, which may contribute to protection against COVID-19.

Clinical trials.

Clinical efficacy in adults.

Study P301 was a randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind Phase 3 clinical study (NCT04470427) that excluded individuals who were immunocompromised or who had received immunosuppressants within 6 months, as well as participants who were pregnant, or with a known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants with stable HIV disease were not excluded. Influenza vaccines could be administered 14 days before or 14 days after any dose of Spikevax. Participants were also required to observe a minimum interval of 3 months after receipt of blood/plasma products or immunoglobulins prior to the study in order to receive either placebo or Spikevax.
A total of 30,351 subjects were followed for a median of 92 days (range: 1-122) for the development of COVID-19 disease.
COVID-19 was defined as symptomatic COVID-19 requiring positive RT-PCR result and at least 2 systemic symptoms or 1 respiratory symptom. Cases starting 14 days after the second dose.
The primary efficacy analysis population (referred to as the Per Protocol Set or PPS), included 28,207 subjects who received either Spikevax (n = 14,134) or placebo (n = 14,073) and had a negative baseline SARS-CoV-2 status. The PPS study population included 47.4% female, 52.6% male, 79.5% White, 9.7% African American, 4.6% Asian, and 6.2% other. 19.7% of participants identified as Hispanic or Latino. The median age of subjects was 53 years (range 18-94). A dosing window of -7 to +14 days for administration of the second dose (scheduled at day 29) was allowed for inclusion in the PPS. 98% of vaccine recipients received the second dose 25 days to 35 days after dose 1 (corresponding to -3 to +7 days around the interval of 28 days). COVID-19 cases were confirmed by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT PCR) and by a Clinical Adjudication Committee. Vaccine efficacy overall and by key age groups are presented in Table 4.

Among all subjects in the PPS, no cases of severe COVID-19 were reported in the vaccine group compared with 30 of 185 (16%) cases reported in the placebo group. Of the 30 participants with severe disease, 9 were hospitalised, 2 of which were admitted to an intensive care unit. The majority of the remaining severe cases fulfilled only the oxygen saturation (SpO2) criterion for severe disease (≤ 93% on room air).
The vaccine efficacy of Spikevax to prevent COVID-19, regardless of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (determined by baseline serology and nasopharyngeal swab sample testing) from 14 days after Dose 2 was 93.6% (95% confidence interval 88.5, 96.4%).
Additionally, subgroup analyses of the primary efficacy endpoint showed similar efficacy point estimates across genders, ethnic groups, and participants with medical comorbidities associated with high risk of severe COVID-19.

Clinical efficacy in adolescents 12 through 17 years of age.

Study P203 is an ongoing Phase 2/3 randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind, clinical study (NCT04649151) to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and effectiveness of Spikevax in adolescents ages 12 to 17 years in the United States. Participants with a known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were excluded from the study. A total of 3,732 participants were randomised 2:1 to receive 2 doses of Spikevax or saline placebo 1 month apart. Participants will be followed for efficacy and safety until 1 year after the second dose.
A secondary efficacy analysis was performed in 3,236 participants who received at least Dose 1 of either Spikevax (n = 2,163) or placebo (n = 1,073), and had a negative baseline SARS-CoV-2 status (referred to as the modified Intent-to-Treat Set). In the mITT set, 48.5% were female, 11.2% were Hispanic or Latino, 83.9% were White, 2.8% were African American, 6.3% were Asian, and 0.9% other races. Between participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo, there were no notable differences in demographics or pre-existing medical conditions.
COVID-19 was defined as the presence of at least one symptom from a list of COVID-19 symptoms occurring at least 14 days after Dose 1 and a positive nasopharyngeal (NP) swab or saliva sample for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). Listed symptoms were fever (temperature > 38°C/≥ 100.4°F), or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle aches, or body aches, headache, new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea, or vomiting or diarrhoea.
There were 2 COVID-19 cases in the Spikevax group and 13 cases in the placebo group, with a vaccine efficacy of 92.7% (95% confidence interval of 67.8% to 99.2%).

Immunogenicity in adolescents 12 through 17 years of age.

In Study P203 (NCT04649151), an analysis was conducted of SARS-CoV-2 50% neutralising titers and seroresponse rates 28 days after Dose 2 in a subset of adolescents aged 12 through 17 in Study P203 and in participants aged 18 through 25 in Study P301 who had no immunologic or virologic evidence of prior COVID-19 at baseline. Noninferior immune responses and seroresponse rates were demonstrated in a comparison of adolescents aged 12 through 17 years to participants aged 18 through 25 (Table 5).

Clinical efficacy in children 6 through 11 years of age.

The paediatric study is an ongoing Phase 2/3 randomised, placebo-controlled, observer-blind, clinical trial to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and effectiveness of the Spikevax in children ages 6 through 11 years in the United States and Canada (NCT04796896). Participants with a known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were excluded from the study. A total of 4,011 participants were randomised 3:1 to receive 2 doses of Spikevax or saline placebo 1 month apart. Participants will be followed for effectiveness and safety until 1 year after the second dose.
A descriptive efficacy analysis evaluating confirmed COVID-19 cases accrued up to the data cutoff date of November 10, 2021 was performed in 3,583 participants who received two doses (0.25 mL at 0 and 1 month) of either Spikevax (n = 2,701) or placebo (n = 882), and had a negative baseline SARS-CoV-2 status (referred to as the modified Intent-to-Treat Set [mITT]). Between participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo, there were no notable differences in demographics.
In Part 2, the median follow up duration was 82 days after dose 1 and 51 days after dose 2. A total of 2981 (99.1%) subjects in the mRNA-1273 group and 966 (97.1%) in the placebo group have been followed for 28 days or more after dose 2. A total of 1,066 (35.3%) subjects in the mRNA-1273 group and 218 (21.9%) in the placebo group have been followed for 56 days or more after dose 2.

Immunogenicity in children 6 through 11 years of age.

An analysis evaluating SARS-CoV-2 50% neutralising titers and seroresponse rates 28 days after Dose 2 was conducted in subset of children aged 6 through 11 (n = 134) in the paediatric study and in participants aged 18 through 25 (n = 295) in the adult study (NCT04796896). Subjects had no immunologic or virologic evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline. The GMR of the neutralising antibody titers in children 6 through 11 years of age compared to the 18- to 25-year-olds was 1.239 (95% CI: 1.072, 1.432). The difference in seroresponse rate was 0.1% (95% CI: -1.9, 2.1). Non-inferiority criteria (lower bound of the 95% CI for GMR > 0.67 and lower bound of the 95% CI of the seroresponse rate difference > -10%) were met.

Clinical efficacy in children 6 months through 5 years of age.

An ongoing Phase 2/3 study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, reactogenicity, and effectiveness of Spikevax in healthy children 6 months to through 11 years of age. The study enrolled children in 3 age groups: 6 years through 11 years; 2 years through 5 years; and 6 months through 23 months.
A descriptive efficacy analysis evaluating confirmed COVID-19 cases accrued up to the data cutoff date of 21 February 2022 was performed in 5,476 participants 6 months through 5 years of age who received two doses (at 0 and 1 month) of either Spikevax (n = 4,105) or placebo (n = 1,371) and had a negative baseline SARS-CoV-2 status (referred to as the Per Protocol Set for Efficacy). Between participants who received Spikevax and those who received placebo, there were no notable differences in demographics.
The median length of follow-up for efficacy post-Dose 2 was 71 days for participants 2 through 5 years of age and 68 days for participants 6 months through 23 months of age.
Vaccine efficacy in this study was observed during the period when the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant was the predominant variant in circulation. No clinical data for efficacy against the Omicron strain has been assessed.
Vaccine efficacy (VE) in Part 2 for the Per Protocol Set for Efficacy for COVID-19 cases 14 days or more after dose 2 using the "CDC case definition" was 36.8% (95% CI: 12.5, 54.0) for children 2 through 5 years of age and 50.6% (95% CI: 21.4, 68.6) for children 6 months through 23 months of age.

Immunogenicity in children 6 months through 5 years of age.

For children aged 23 months through 5 years of age, comparison of Day 57 nAb responses in this Part 2 Per Protocol Immunogenicity Subset (n = 264; 25 microgram) to those of adolescents demonstrated a GMR of 1.014 (95% CI: 0.881, 1.167), meeting the noninferiority success criteria (i.e. lower bound of the 95% CI for GMR ≥ 0.67; point estimate ≥ 0.8). The geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) from baseline to Day 57 for these children was 183.3 (95% CI: 164.03, 204.91). The difference in seroresponse rates (SRR) between the children and young adults was -0.4% (95% CI: -2.7, 1.5), also meeting the noninferiority success criterion (lower bound of the 95% CI of the SRR difference > -10%).
For infants and toddlers from 6 months through 23 months of age, comparison of Day 57 nAb responses in this Part 2 Per Protocol Immunogenicity Subset (n = 230; 25 microgram) to those of adolescents demonstrated a GMR of 1.280 (95% CI: 1.115, 1.470), meeting the noninferiority success criterion (i.e. lower bound of the 95% CI for GMR ≥ 0.67; point estimate ≥ 0.8). The difference in SRR rates between the infants/toddlers and young adults was 0.7% (95% CI: -1.0, 2.5), also meeting the noninferiority success criteria (lower bound of the 95% CI of the seroresponse rate difference > -10%).
Accordingly, the prespecified success criteria for the primary immunogenicity objective were met for both age groups, allowing effectiveness of 25 microgram to be inferred in both children 2 years through 5 years and infants and toddlers aged 6 months through 23 months.

Immunogenicity in immunocompromised recipients.

From an independent report (Hall VG, Ferreira VH, Ku T et al. Randomized Trial of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Transplant Recipients. N Engl J Med), a separate randomised controlled study has been conducted in 120 participants who had undergone various solid organ transplant procedures (heart, kidney, kidney-pancreas, liver, lung, pancreas) a median of 3.57 years previously (range 1.99-6.75 years). A third dose (0.5 mL) of Spikevax was administered to 60 participants approximately 2 months after they had received a second dose; saline placebo was given to 60 individuals for comparison (NCT04885907). Significant increases in levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies occurred four weeks after the third dose in 55.0% of participants in the Spikevax group (33 of 60) and 17.5% of participants in the placebo group (10 of 57).

Immunogenicity in participants 18 years of age and older - after booster dose (0.25 mL, 50 microgram).

Study 3 is an ongoing Phase 2, randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-confirmation study to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of Spikevax in participants 18 years of age and older (NCT04405076). In this study, 198 participants received two doses (0.5 mL 1 month apart) of Spikevax (primary series). In an open-label phase, 149 of those participants (Per-Protocol Set) received a single booster dose (0.25 mL) at least 6 months after receiving the second dose in the primary series. A single booster dose (0.25 mL) was shown to result in a geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 12.99 (95% CI: 11.04, 15.29) in neutralising antibodies from pre-booster compared to 28 days after the booster dose. The GMFR in neutralising antibodies was 1.53 (95% CI: 1.32, 1.77) when compared 28 days post dose 2 (primary series) to 28 days after the booster dose.

Immunogenicity of a booster dose following primary vaccination with another authorised or approved COVID-19 vaccine in adults 18 years of age and older.

Effectiveness of a Spikevax (0.25 mL) booster dose in individuals who completed primary vaccination with another authorised or approved COVID-19 Vaccine (heterologous booster dose) is inferred from immunogenicity data supporting effectiveness of a Spikevax (0.25 mL) booster dose administered following completion of a Spikevax primary series and from immunogenicity data from an independent Phase 1/2 open-label clinical trial (NCT04889209) conducted in the United States that evaluated a heterologous booster dose (0.5 mL) of Spikevax. In this study, adults who had completed primary vaccination with a Spikevax 2-dose series (N = 151), a COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen single dose (N = 156), or a Comirnaty 2-dose series (N = 151) at least 12 weeks prior to enrollment and who reported no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a booster dose of one of three vaccines: Spikevax, COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen, or Comirnaty. Neutralizing antibody titers, as measured by a pseudovirus neutralization assay using a lentivirus expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein with D614G mutation, were assessed on Day 1 prior to administration of the booster dose and on Day 15 after the booster dose. A booster response to Spikevax (0.5 mL) was demonstrated regardless of primary vaccination.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties

Not applicable.

5.3 Preclinical Safety Data

Non-clinical data reveal no special hazard for humans based on conventional studies of repeat dose toxicity and reproductive and developmental toxicity. The full relevance of animal studies to human risk with vaccines for COVID-19 remains to be established.

Genotoxicity.

The novel lipid components SM-102 and PEG-2000-DMG of the vaccine were negative in the bacterial reverse mutation Ames test and in vitro micronucleus test in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. A luciferase mRNA in SM102-containing lipid nanoparticles was negative in a rat bone marrow micronucleus assay (IV dose of SM-102 28.5 mg/kg, PEG-2000-DMG 2.8 mg/kg), whilst a surrogate Zika mRNA-based vaccine formulated in SM-102-containing lipid nanoparticles induced micronuclei in male rats, but not in females (IV dose of SM-102 60 mg/kg, PEG-2000-DMG 6 mg/kg). The weight of evidence suggests the genotoxicity potential of the novel lipid components SM-102 and PEG-2000-DMG is very low. The other components of Spikevax (other lipids and mRNA) are not expected to be genotoxic.

Carcinogenicity.

Carcinogenicity studies were not performed. The components of the vaccine (lipids and mRNA) are not expected to have carcinogenic potential.

6 Pharmaceutical Particulars

6.1 List of Excipients

Heptadecan-9-yl 8-[2-hydroxyethyl-(6-oxo-6-undecoxyhexyl)amino]octanoate, cholesterol, distearoylphosphatidylcholine, 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000, trometamol, trometamol hydrochloride, acetic acid, sodium acetate trihydrate, sucrose, water for injections.

6.2 Incompatibilities

This medicinal product must not be mixed with other medicinal products or diluted.

6.3 Shelf Life

In Australia, information on the shelf life can be found on the public summary of the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG). The expiry date can be found on the packaging.

Unopened vial and pre-filled syringe.

The unopened vial and pre-filled syringes may be stored refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C, protected from light, for a maximum of 30 days. Once thawed the vaccine should not be re-frozen.
The unopened vial and pre-filled syringes may be stored at 8°C to 25°C up to 24 hours after removal from refrigerated conditions.
The prefilled syringe is for single use in one patient only. Discard any residue.

Punctured vial.

Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 19 hours at 2°C to 25°C after initial puncture (within the allowed use period of 30 days at 2°C to 8°C and 24 hours at 8°C to 25°C). Contains no antimicrobial preservative. From a microbiological point of view, the product should be used immediately. Do not refreeze.

6.4 Special Precautions for Storage

0.20 mg/mL concentration.

Store frozen between -50°C to -15°C.

0.10 mg/mL concentration.

Store frozen between -50°C to -15°C.
Store in the original carton to protect from light.
Do not store below -50°C.
For storage conditions after thawing and first opening, see Section 6.3.

Transportation of thawed vials in liquid state at 2°C to 8°C.

If transport at -50°C to -15°C is not feasible, available data support transportation of one or more thawed vials in liquid state for up to 12 hours at 2°C to 8°C (within the 30 days shelf life at 2°C to 8°C). Once thawed and transported in liquid state at 2°C to 8°C, vials should not be refrozen and should be stored at 2°C to 8°C until use.

Transportation of thawed pre-filled syringes in liquid state at 2°C to 8°C.

Pre-filled syringes can be transported at 2°C to 8°C when shipped using shipping containers that have been qualified to maintain 2°C to 8°C. Once thawed and transported in liquid state at 2°C to 8°C, pre-filled syringes should not be refrozen and should be stored at 2°C to 8°C until use.

6.5 Nature and Contents of Container

Multidose vial (0.20 mg/mL).

5 mL suspension in a vial (type 1 or type 1 equivalent glass) with a stopper (chlorobutyl rubber) and a red flip-off plastic cap with seal (aluminium seal).
Each vial contains 5 mL.
Pack size: 10 multidose vials.

Multidose vial (0.10 mg/mL).

2.5 mL suspension in a vial (type 1 or type 1 equivalent glass) with a stopper (chlorobutyl rubber) and a blue flip-off plastic cap with seal (aluminium seal).
Each vial contains 2.5 mL.
Pack size: 10 multidose vials.

Pre-filled syringe (0.10 mg/mL).

0.5 mL suspension in a pre-filled syringe (cyclo-olefin copolymer).
Each pre-filled syringe contains 0.5 mL. Do not use the pre-filled syringe to deliver a partial 0.25 mL volume.
Pack size: 10 pre-filled syringes.

6.6 Special Precautions for Disposal

In Australia, any unused medicine or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

6.7 Physicochemical Properties

CAS number.

2457298-05-2.

7 Medicine Schedule (Poisons Standard)

Prescription only medicine (Schedule 4).

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