Consumer medicine information

Aklief

Trifarotene

BRAND INFORMATION

Brand name

Aklief

Active ingredient

Trifarotene

Schedule

S4

 

Consumer medicine information (CMI) leaflet

Please read this leaflet carefully before you start using Aklief.

SUMMARY CMI

Aklief 50 microgram/g cream

Consumer Medicine Information (CMI) summary

The full CMI on the next page has more details. If you are worried about using this medicine, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.

 This medicine is new or being used differently. Please report side effects. See the full CMI for further details.

1. Why am I using Aklief?

Aklief contains the active substance trifarotene that belongs to a group of medicines called retinoids. Aklief is used for the skin treatment of Acne Vulgaris of the face and/or the trunk in patients from 12 years of age and older.

For more information, see Section 1. Why am I using Aklief? in the full CMI.

2. What should I know before I use Aklief?

Do not use if you have ever had an allergic reaction to trifarotene or any of the ingredients listed at the end of the CMI.

Talk to your doctor if you have any other medical conditions, take any other medicines, or are pregnant or plan to become pregnant or are breastfeeding.

For more information, see Section 2. What should I know before I use Aklief? in the full CMI.

3. What if I am taking other medicines?

Some medicines may interfere with Aklief and affect how it works.

A list of these medicines is in Section 3. What if I am taking other medicines? in the full CMI.

4. How do I use Aklief?

Aklief is intended for patients from 12 years of age and older only for use on the skin of the face and/or the trunk. Do not use this medicine on any other parts of your body. Do not swallow.

More instructions can be found in Section 4. How do I use Aklief? in the full CMI.

5. What should I know while using Aklief?

Things you should do
  • Remind any doctor or pharmacist you visit that you are using Aklief.
  • The spots (whiteheads, blackheads and inflammatory pimples) will be reduced only after several application of this medicine. It is important that you continue using Aklief as long as prescribed by your doctor.
Things you should not do
  • Aklief should not be applied at the same time as other beauty treatment in which hairs are removed.
Driving or using machines

No or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.

Drinking alcoholNot applicable
Looking after your medicine
  • Aklief does not require any special storage condition.

For more information, see Section 5. What should I know while using Aklief? in the full CMI.

6. Are there any side effects?

Irritation of the skin, pruritus (itch), sunburn are the common side effects with Aklief.

For more information, including what to do if you have any side effects, see Section 6. Are there any side effects? in the full CMI.

 This medicine is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. You can help by reporting any side effects you may get. You can report side effects to your doctor, or directly at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems.



FULL CMI

Aklief 50 microgram/g cream

Active ingredient: Trifarotene


Consumer Medicine Information (CMI)

This leaflet provides important information about using Aklief to the patient or the carer. You should also speak to your doctor or pharmacist if you would like further information or if you have any concerns or questions about using Aklief.

Where to find information in this leaflet:

1. Why am I using Aklief?
2. What should I know before I use Aklief?
3. What if I am taking other medicines?
4. How do I use Aklief?
5. What should I know while using Aklief?
6. Are there any side effects?
7. Product details

1. Why am I using Aklief?

Aklief contains the active substance trifarotene that belongs to a group of medicines called retinoids.

Aklief is used for the skin treatment of Acne Vulgaris of the face and/or the trunk in patients from 12 years of age and older, when many comedones (whiteheads and blackheads), papules and/or pustules (inflammatory pimples) are present.

2. What should I know before I use Aklief?

Warnings

Do not use Aklief if:

  • you are allergic to trifarotene, or any of the ingredients listed at the end of this leaflet.
Always check the ingredients to make sure you can use this medicine.

Check with your doctor if you:

  • have any other medical conditions
  • take any medicines for any other condition

Aklief should not be applied at the same time as other beauty treatment in which hairs are removed (see also section “Other medicines and Trifarotene”).

Redness, peeling, dryness, and stinging/burning may be experienced with the use of Aklief cream (see section 4 “Possible side effects”). You may be asked to apply a moisturiser, to use the cream less often or to stop for a short time or to stop the cream altogether.

Aklief should not come into contact with the eyes, eyelids, lips, or mucous membranes. If the product accidentaly enters the eye, wash immediately and abundantly with lukewarm water. Be careful when applying to sensitive areas of the skin such as the neck or armpits.

Aklief should not be used on sunburnt skin. Minimise exposure to sunlight. Excessive exposure to sunlight, including sunlamps or phototherapy should be avoided during the treatment. Use of sunscreen with Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 30 and protective clothing (such as a hat and a shirt) over treated areas is recommended when exposure cannot be avoided. If nevertheless your face, chest, shoulders or back become sunburnt, stop medication on the affected area until your skin is healed.

Caution should be exercised when Aklief cream is applied at the same time as other preparation used on the skin including cosmetics (see also section “Other medicines and Aklief”)

If a reaction suggesting sensitivity to any component of the formula occurs, the use of Aklief should be discontinued.

This product contains propylene glycol (E1520) that may cause skin irritation.

During treatment, you may be at risk of developing certain side effects. It is important you understand these risks and how to monitor for them. See additional information under Section 6. Are there any side effects?

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

DO NOT use Aklief if you are pregnant or intend to become pregnant. Talk to your doctor about a time period after which pregnancy can be planned after stopping the use of Aklief.

If you discover you are pregnant during treatment, stop application of this medicine and consult a doctor immediately.

Talk to your doctor if you are breastfeeding or intend to breastfeed.

When using Aklief there is a risk that the active substance in cream passes into your breast milk and a risk to the newborn/infant cannot be excluded. You and your doctor must make a decision whether to discontinue breastfeeding or to abstain from Aklief therapy, taking into account the benefit of breastfeeding for the child and the benefit of therapy for the mother.

To avoid the risk of ingestion by, and/or contact exposure of, an infant, nursing women should not apply Aklief to the chest or breast area.

3. What if I am taking other medicines?

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medicines, including any medicines, vitamins or supplements that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy, supermarket or health food shop.

Some medicines may interfere with Aklief and affect how it works.

Caution should be exercised if cosmetics or acne medications with peeling, irritant or drying effects are used, as they may produce additive irritant effects with the medicinal product. If your skin becomes irritated, contact your doctor.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure about what medicines, vitamins or supplements you are taking and if these affect Aklief.

4. How do I use Aklief?

How much to take / use

Always use this medicine exactly as your doctor has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

Important: Aklief is intended for patients from12 years of age and older only for use on the skin of the face and/or the trunk. Do not use this medicine on any other parts of your body. Do not swallow.

Keep Aklief away from children.

How to apply Aklief

  • Before using the pump for the first time, prime it by pressing down several times until a small amount of medicine is dispensed (up to 10 times maximum). The pump is now ready to use. Apply a thin layer of Aklief cream to the affected areas of the face (forehead, nose, chin and right and left cheeks) and all affected areas of the trunk once a day, in the evening, on a clean and dry skin:
    - One pump actuation should be enough to cover the face (i.e. forehead, cheeks, nose and chin).
    - Two pump actuations should be enough to cover the upper trunk (i.e. reachable upper back, shoulders and chest). One additional pump actuation may be used for middle and lower back if acne is present.
  • Avoid contact with the eyes, eyelids, lips and mucous membranes such as inside the nose or the mouth. If you accidentally get cream in any of these areas wash the it immediately with plenty of lukewarm water.
  • Wash your hands immediately after applying the cream.

You are recommended to use a moisturiser as frequently as needed from the initiation of the Aklief treatment. The moisturiser can either be applied before or after Aklief, allowing sufficient time to let the skin to dry between the moisturiser and Aklief application.

Your doctor will tell you how long you will need to use Aklief. The duration of treatment can vary from person to person and depends on the severity of the skin disorder and the results of the treatment. After three months of treatment your doctor may need to assess the continued improvement of your acne.

Use in children

Aklief should not be used by children below 12 years of age.

If you forget to use Aklief

Aklief should be used regularly at the same time each day. If you miss your dose at the evening, use it the next evening.

If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the dose you missed and take your next dose when you are meant to.

Do not take a double dose to make up for the dose you missed.

If you use too much Aklief

If you use too much Aklief you will not get rid of your acne any quicker, but your skin may become irritated, scaly and red.

If you think that you have used too much Aklief, you may need urgent medical attention.

You should immediately:

  • phone the Poisons Information Centre
    (by calling 13 11 26), or
  • contact your doctor, or
  • go to the Emergency Department at your nearest hospital.

You should do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning.

5. What should I know while using Aklief?

Remind any doctor or pharmacist you visit that you are using Aklief.

Things you should not do

  • Do not stop using this medicine suddenly.
    - The spots (whiteheads, blackheads and inflammatory pimples) will be reduced only after weeks of application of this medicine. It is important that you continue using Aklief as long as prescribed by your doctor.
  • If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Driving or using machines

The effects of this medicine on a person's ability to drive and use machines were not assessed as part of its registration.

Looking after your medicine

Keep Aklief in a cool, dry place, where the temperature stays below 25°C. Keep it where young children cannot reach it.

Do not throw away unused Aklief cream via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.

When to discard your medicine

Discard the tube or pump 6 months after first opening.

Getting rid of any unwanted medicine

If you no longer need to use this medicine or it is out of date, take it to any pharmacy for safe disposal. Do not use this medicine after the expiry date.

6. Are there any side effects?

All medicines can have side effects. If you do experience any side effects, most of them are minor and temporary. However, some side effects may need medical attention.

See the information below and, if you need to, ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any further questions about side effects.

Less serious side effects

Less serious side effectsWhat to do
Common Side effects:
  • Application site Irritation, pruritus (itch), sunburn.
Uncommon Side effects:
  • Pain of the skin
  • Dry skin
  • Discolouration (loss of skin pigmentation)
  • Erosion (skin loss)
  • Rash
  • Swelling
  • Skin irritation
  • Acne
  • Dermatitis allergic (skin allergy)
  • Erythema (redness)
Rare Side effects:
  • Urticaria (hives)
  • Vesicles
  • Eczema “asteatotic” (dry skin with scales and fissures)
  • Seborrheic dermatitis (red, scaly and itchy skin)
  • Skin burning sensation
  • Skin fissures
  • Skin hyperpigmentation (darkening of skin pigmentation)
  • Eyelid exfoliation (peeling of the eyelid skin) or oedema (swelling of the eyelid skin)
  • Chapped lips
  • Flushing (red face)
Speak to your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects and they worry you.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you notice anything else that may be making you feel unwell.

Other side effects not listed here may occur in some people.

Reporting side effects

After you have received medical advice for any side effects you experience, you can report side effects to the Therapeutic Goods Administration online at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems. By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

Always make sure you speak to your doctor or pharmacist before you decide to stop taking any of your medicines.

7. Product details

This medicine is only available with a doctor's prescription.

What Aklief contains

Active ingredientTrifarotene (one gram of cream contains 50 micrograms of trifarotene)
Other ingredients
  • Allantoin
  • Simulgel 600 PHA (acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer, isohexadecane, polysorbate 80, sorbitan oleate)
  • Cyclomethicone
  • Ethanol
  • Phenoxyethanol
  • Propylene glycol
  • Medium chain triglycerides
  • Purified water

Do not take this medicine if you are allergic to any of these ingredients.

What Aklief looks like

Aklief is a white and smooth cream.

Aklief is available in tube containing 5 grams of cream or pump of 15, 30 or 75 grams of cream.

Pack sizes of 1 tube or 1 pump.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Who distributes Aklief

Sponsor

Galderma Australia Pty Ltd
Suite 4, 13B Narabang Way
Belrose NSW 2085
Ph 1800 800 765.

Australian Registration Number:
AUST R 332220
AUST R 340375

This leaflet was prepared in January 2021.

Published by MIMS April 2021

BRAND INFORMATION

Brand name

Aklief

Active ingredient

Trifarotene

Schedule

S4

 

1 Name of Medicine

Trifarotene.

2 Qualitative and Quantitative Composition

One gram of cream contains 50 micrograms of trifarotene.

Excipients with known effect.

Contains alcohol as 6.335% v/v ethanol. For the full list of excipients see Section 6.1 List of Excipients.

3 Pharmaceutical Form

Cream.
White and homogenous cream.

4 Clinical Particulars

4.1 Therapeutic Indications

Aklief is indicated for the topical treatment of Acne Vulgaris of the face and/or the trunk in patients from 12 years of age and older, when many comedones, papules and/or pustules are present.

4.2 Dose and Method of Administration

Dosage.

Apply a thin layer of Aklief cream to the affected areas of the face and/or trunk once a day, in the evening, on clean and dry skin.
It is recommended that the physician assesses the continued improvement of the patient after three months of treatment. The duration of treatment should be determined by the doctor based on the clinical response.
Special populations.

Elderly patients.

The safety and efficacy of Aklief in geriatric patients aged 65 years and above have not been established.

Renal impairment and hepatic impairment.

Aklief has not been studied in patients with renal and hepatic impairment.

Paediatric population.

The safety and efficacy of Aklief in children below 12 years old have not been established.

Method of administration.

For topical use only.
Before using the pump for the first time, prime it by pressing down several times until a small amount of medicine is dispensed (up to 10 times maximum). The pump is now ready to use.
Apply a thin layer of Aklief cream to the affected areas of the face (forehead, nose, chin and right and left cheeks) and all affected areas of the trunk once a day, in the evening, on clean and dry skin:
One pump actuation should be enough to cover the face (i.e. forehead, cheeks, nose, and chin).
Two pump actuations should be enough to cover the upper trunk (i.e. reachable upper back, shoulders and chest). One additional pump actuation may be used for middle and lower back if acne is present.
Patients should be instructed to avoid contact with the eyes, eyelids, lips and mucous membranes and to wash their hands after applying the medicinal product.
The use of a moisturiser is recommended as needed from the initiation of treatment, while allowing sufficient time before and after the application of Aklief cream to allow the skin to dry.

4.3 Contraindications

Pregnancy (see Section 4.6 Fertility, Pregnancy and Lactation).
Women planning a pregnancy.
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed, see Section 6.1 List of Excipients.

4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for Use

Erythema, scaling, dryness, and stinging/burning may be experienced with use of Aklief cream (see Section 4.8 Adverse Effects (Undesirable Effects)). To mitigate the risk of such reactions, patients should be instructed to use a moisturiser from the initiation of treatment, and, if appropriate, reduce the frequency of application of Aklief cream, or suspend use temporarily. Despite mitigation measures, if severe reactions persist the treatment may be discontinued.
The product should not be applied to cuts, abrasions, eczematous or sunburnt skin.
As with other retinoids, use of "waxing" as a depilatory method should be avoided on skin treated with Aklief.
If a reaction suggesting sensitivity to any component of the formula occurs, the use of Aklief should be discontinued. Caution should be exercised if cosmetics or acne medications with desquamative, irritant or drying effects are concomitantly used with the medicinal product, as they may produce additive irritant effects.
Aklief should not come into contact with the eyes, eyelids, lips, or mucous membranes. If the product enter the eye, wash immediately and abundantly with lukewarm water.
Excessive exposure to sunlight, including sunlamps or phototherapy should be avoided during the treatment. An increased risk of sunburn was reported in 1.7% of the children, compared to 0.7% of the adults. Use of a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 30 or higher and protective clothing over treated areas is recommended when exposure cannot be avoided.
This product contains propylene glycol that may cause skin irritation.

Use in the elderly.

No data available.

Paediatric use.

The safety of Aklief in children below 12 years old has not been established.

Effects on laboratory tests.

No data available.

4.5 Interactions with Other Medicines and Other Forms of Interactions

Effect of Aklief cream on other medicinal products.

A clinical drug-drug interaction study has shown that topical application of trifarotene did not affect the circulating concentrations of hormonal contraceptives (ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel) administered by oral route.

Effect of other medicinal products on Aklief cream.

No clinical drug-drug interaction studies were performed to assess effects of other drugs on trifarotene systemic levels (see Section 5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties).
There is no data on the pharmacodynamic interaction potential of trifarotene. Caution should be exercised if cosmetics or acne medications with desquamative, irritant or drying effects are concomitantly used with the medicinal product, as they may produce additive irritant effects (see Section 4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for Use).

Pharmacokinetic drug interaction potential.

In vitro studies show that Aklief cream at the concentrations achieved systemically after topical administration did not inhibit the CYP450 isoenzymes CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4, and did not induce CYP1A2, 2B6, or 3A4.
In vitro studies have shown that Aklief cream at the concentrations achieved systemically after topical administration did not inhibit either MATE, OATP, OAT or OCT uptake transporters or BCRP, PgP, BSEP or MRP efflux transporters.

4.6 Fertility, Pregnancy and Lactation

Orally administered retinoids have been associated with congenital abnormalities. When used in accordance with the prescribing information, topically administered retinoids are generally assumed to result into low systemic exposure due to minimal dermal absorption. However, there could be individual factors (e.g. damaged skin barrier, excessive use) that contribute to an increased systemic exposure.
It is difficult to determine the exact time frame in which a patient's system would be completely free of trifarotene. The clinical pharmacology results demonstrated that trifarotene 50 microgram/g cream under maximal use conditions for 4 weeks in patient with acne vulgaris had a low systemic exposure, being non-quantifiable in most of the subjects. However, the daily application of 100 microgram/g cream for 4 weeks resulted in quantifiable drug levels, but still with a low systemic exposure, with a short terminal half-life ranging from 2.4 to 9.1 hours and without accumulation after repeated topical application. One could assume that nearly all the drug would be gone after approximately 3.5 days following the last application. In three and a half days, over 9 half-lives will have been completed. It takes about 5 half-lives for 97% of a drug to be eliminated and 7 half-lives for about 99% of a drug to be eliminated.

Effects on fertility.

No human fertility studies were conducted with Aklief.
Trifarotene showed no adverse effects on functional fertility in rats administered orally at exposures of approximately 1755 (males) and 1726 (females) times the 2 g dose in humans. However, after oral administration to dogs, Germ cell degeneration with pyknotic/apoptotic germ cells was evident from the lowest dose tested of 0.2 mg/kg/day corresponding to a systemic exposure 1368 times higher than those observed in humans. All animals with this finding also showed hypospermatogenesis and debris in the epididymides. The findings did not completely recover after 8 weeks, suggesting an extended and possibly chronic effect. As these effects were noted also at the lowest dose tested, the relevance of the findings for lower doses is unknown.
(Category D)
Aklief is contraindicated (see Section 4.3 Contraindications) during pregnancy or in women planning a pregnancy. If the product is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, treatment should be discontinued.
In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of trifarotene in pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis was teratogenic and embryotoxic at exposures (AUC) that were > 800-times those observed in humans at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 2 g. Trifarotene was not teratogenic in rats and rabbits at systemic exposures corresponding to approximately 500 and 90-times, respectively, those observed in humans.
It is unknown whether trifarotene or its metabolites are excreted in human milk.
Available data in animals have shown excretion of trifarotene and/or its metabolites in milk.
A risk to the suckling child cannot be excluded.
A decision must be made whether to discontinue breast-feeding or to discontinue/abstain from Aklief therapy taking into account the benefit of breast-feeding for the child and the benefit of therapy for the woman.
To avoid the risk of ingestion by, and/or contact exposure of, an infant, nursing women should not apply trifarotene cream to the chest or breast area.

4.7 Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines

The effects of trifarotene on a person's ability to drive and use machines were not assessed as part of its registration.

4.8 Adverse Effects (Undesirable Effects)

Summary of safety profile.

In the pivotal Phase 3 clinical studies (18251 and 18252), 331 (27.1%) subjects in the Aklief cream group reported 587 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) compared with 240 (20.0%) subjects in the Vehicle Cream group who reported 338 TEAEs.
Most common TEAEs (i.e. TEAEs reported in at least 1% of subjects in any treatment group were reported by 206 (16.9%) subjects in the Aklief cream group (total of 297 TEAEs) and in 116 (9.7%) subjects in the Vehicle Cream group (total of 140 TEAEs), as shown in Table 1.
Local cutaneous reactions such as erythema, scaling, dryness, and stinging/burning) were collected separately from other adverse events as a measure of local tolerance. These cutaneous reactions are very common and of mild, moderate and severe intensity for up to 39%, 29.7% and 6.2% of patients, respectively on the face. On the trunk, up to 32.9%, 18.9%, 5.2% of patients had mild, moderate and severe reactions respectively. The maximum severity typically occurred at Week 1 for the face, and at Week 2 to 4 for the trunk, and decreased with continued use of the medication (see Section 4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for Use).
The most "commonly" reported adverse reactions as described in Table 2 are application site irritation, application site pruritus and sunburn, occurring in 1.2% to 6.5% of patients treated with Aklief cream in clinical studies.

Tabulated summary of adverse reactions.

Adverse reactions reported in the 12-week vehicle-controlled Phase 3 studies in 1220 patients treated with Aklief cream (and for which the rate for Aklief cream exceeds the rate for vehicle cream) are presented in Table 2.
The adverse reactions are classified by System Organ Class and frequency, using the following convention: very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1,000 to 1 < 100), rare (≥ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000), very rare (< 1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).

Reporting suspected adverse effects.

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after registration of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit-risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions at www.tga.gov.au/reporting-problems.

4.9 Overdose

Aklief is for once-daily topical use only.
If the medication is applied excessively, no more rapid or better results will be obtained and marked redness, scaling, or skin discomfort may occur. In this event, discontinue use and wait until the skin has recovered.
In case of accidental ingestion, appropriate symptomatic measures should be taken. Chronic ingestion of the drug may lead to the same side effects as those associated with excessive oral intake of vitamin A.
For information on the management of overdose, contact the Poisons Information Centre on 13 11 26 (Australia).

5 Pharmacological Properties

5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Retinoids for topical use in acne, ATC code: D10AD06.

Mechanism of action.

Aklief cream contains 50 micrograms (microgram/g) (w/w) trifarotene, which is a chemically stable, terphenyl acid derivative with retinoid-like activity. It is a relatively potent RARγ agonist (retinoid acid receptor γ agonist), characterised by its high specificity to this receptor over RARα and RARβ (65- and 16-fold, respectively, with no Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) activity).
In addition, trifarotene modulates retinoid target genes (differentiation and inflammatory processes) in human immortalised keratinocytes and human reconstructed epidermis.

Pharmacodynamic effects.

Trifarotene has demonstrated, in the Rhino-mouse model, marked comedolytic activity with the reduction in the comedone count and marked increased epidermis thickness. In this model, trifarotene produced the same comedolytic effect as other known retinoids.
Trifarotene has also shown anti-inflammatory and depigmenting activities.

Clinical trials.

Aklief cream applied once daily in the evening was evaluated for 12 weeks in 2 randomised, multi-centre, parallel group, double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies of identical design. They were conducted in a total of 2420 patients aged, 9 years and older, with moderate facial and truncal acne vulgaris.
Acne severity was evaluated using the 5-point Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale for the face and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) for the trunk, with moderate acne vulgaris defined as a score of Grade 3-Moderate (see Table 3).
There were three identical co-primary efficacy endpoints in both pivotal studies 1) the success rate based on the IGA and PGA outcome (percentage of subjects "clear" and "almost clear" and with at least a 2-grade change from baseline) and absolute and percentage change from baseline in 2) inflammatory and 3) non-inflammatory lesion counts at Week 12.
Overall, 87% of subjects were Caucasian and 55% were female. Thirty four (1.4%) subjects were 9 to 11 years of age, 1128 (47%) subjects were 12 to 17 years and 1258 (52%) subjects were 18 years and older. All patients had moderate acne vulgaris on the face and 99% on the trunk. At baseline subjects had between 7 and 200 (average 36) inflammatory lesions on the face and between 0 and 220 (average 38) on the trunk. Additionally subjects had 21 to 305 (average 52) non-inflammatory lesions on the face and 0 to 260 (average 46) on the trunk.
The IGA and PGA success rates, mean absolute, and percent reduction in acne lesion counts from baseline after 12 weeks of treatment are presented in Tables 4 and 5.
Paediatric population.

Age group 12 to 17 years.

In the phase 3 studies a total of 1128 children aged 12 to 17 years with moderate acne vulgaris were included: 573 of them in study 18251 and 555 children in study 18252.
Long-term efficacy. In Study 3, a one-year open label safety study of 435 patients, 12 years and older (210 children completed 52 weeks of the study), with moderate facial and truncal acne vulgaris, Aklief cream demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement with IGA and PGA success rates increasing:
from 26.3% at Week 12 visit to 65.9% at Week 52 visit for the face; and
from 38.9% at Week 12 visit to 67.1% at Week 52 visit for the trunk, respectively.
IGA and PGA success experienced by the same subject increased from 21.9% at Week 12 to 58.2% at Week 52.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties

Absorption.

The absorption of trifarotene from Aklief cream was evaluated in adult and paediatric (10-17 years old) subjects with acne vulgaris. Subjects were treated once daily for 30 days with 2 grams/day of Aklief applied on the face, shoulders, chest, and upper back.
Overall, systemic exposure levels were low and similar between adults and paediatric populations.
After 4 weeks treatment, seven of nineteen (37%) adult subjects had quantifiable trifarotene plasma levels. Cmax ranged from below the limit of quantification (LOQ < 5 picogram/mL) to 10 picogram/mL and AUC0-24h ranged from 75 to 104 picogram.hr/mL.
Three of the seventeen (18%) of paediatric subjects presented quantifiable systemic exposure. Cmax ranged from below the limit of quantification (LOQ < 5 picogram/mL) to 9 picogram/mL and AUC0-24h ranged from 89 to 106 picogram.hr/mL.
Steady state conditions were achieved in both adult and paediatric subjects following 2 weeks of topical administration. No drug accumulation is expected with long-term use.

Distribution.

Trifarotene penetrates into the skin with an exponential distribution from the stratum corneum to the epidermis and dermis.
An in vitro study demonstrated that trifarotene is greater than 99.9% bound to plasma proteins. No significant binding of trifarotene to erythrocytes was observed.

Metabolism.

In vitro studies using human hepatic microsomes and recombinant CYP450 enzymes have shown that trifarotene is primarily metabolised by CYP2C9 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and CYP2B6.

Excretion.

In nonclinical studies, trifarotene is primarily excreted by the faeces.

5.3 Preclinical Safety Data

Genotoxicity.

Based on the weight of evidence, Aklief cream was considered negative in an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay, an in vitro mouse lymphoma assay with L5178Y/TK+/- cells and an in vivo micronucleus assay in rats. While an equivocal result was seen an in vitro micronucleus assay in primary human lymphocytes, the weight of evidence indicates a low genotoxic potential with trifarotene.

Carcinogenicity.

Trifarotene was not carcinogenic when topically applied to mice daily for up to 24 months in the vehicle of Aklief cream at doses of up to 0.02 mg/kg (at a concentration of 0.001% w/w). Systemic exposure at the highest dose in mice was 90-fold greater than the anticipated maximum human exposure with Aklief cream. Trifarotene was also not carcinogenic when administered orally in a solution to rats daily for up to 24 months at doses of up to 0.75 mg/kg/day in males and 0.2 mg/kg/day in females. Systemic exposure at the highest dose in rats was 642-(males) and 1642-fold (females) times greater than the anticipated human exposure at the MRHD of Aklief cream.

6 Pharmaceutical Particulars

6.1 List of Excipients

Allantoin, Simulgel 600 PHA (acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer, isohexadecane, polysorbate 80, sorbitan oleate), cyclomethicone, ethanol, phenoxyethanol, propylene glycol, medium chain triglycerides, purified water.

6.2 Incompatibilities

Incompatibilities were either not assessed or not identified as part of the registration of this medicine.

6.3 Shelf Life

2 years.
After first opening: use within 6 months.
Information on the shelf life can be found on the public summary of the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG). The expiry date can be found on the packaging.

6.4 Special Precautions for Storage

This medicinal product does not require any special storage condition.

6.5 Nature and Contents of Container

Tube, physician's sample.

5 g.

White Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/Aluminium (Al)/High density polyethylene (HDPE) laminated tubes with a white high-density polyethylene (HDPE) head and a white polypropylene (PP) closure.

Multidose container with airless pump system.

15 g; 30 g; 75 g.

Polypropylene (PP)/High density polyethylene (HDPE) white airless bottle closed with a white polypropylene (PP) pump and a white polypropylene (PP) overcap.
Pack sizes: 1 tube of 5 g; 1 bottle of 15, 30 or 75 g.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
 

6.6 Special Precautions for Disposal

Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

6.7 Physicochemical Properties

Australian Approved Name (AAN): Trifarotene.

Chemical structure.


Molecular Formula: C29H33NO4.
Molecular Weight: 459.6.

CAS number.

895542-09-3.

7 Medicine Schedule (Poisons Standard)

S4 - Prescription Only Medicine.

Summary Table of Changes